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Bidding Strategies in Austrian and German Balancing Power Auctions

Bidding Strategies in Austrian and German Balancing Power Auctions

In the current Austrian and German market design, suppliers submit a three-dimensional bid that consists of a power offer (MW), a power bid (Euro/MW) and an energy bid (Euro/MWh). The scoring rule, which determines the winners of the auction, is based on the power bid exclusively, and pay-as-bid pricing is applied, i.e., an awarded bidder receives the bid figure.

Domestic Energy Consumption and Climate Change

Domestic Energy Consumption and Climate Change

Different approaches are used to help reduce greenhouse gas emissions from households’ energy consumption, but with varying degrees of success. Better integration of these approaches will be necessary to make substantive advances in this field.

LARP1 on TOP of Ribosome Production

LARP1 on TOP of Ribosome Production

Ribosome production is a considerable energy investment for the cell—rRNAs and ribosomal proteins (RPs) are among the most abundant classes of RNAs and proteins—and their production must, therefore, be synchronized temporally and stoichiometrically to ensure efficient ribosome assembly.